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What you'll do in college

Economics majors study how people, companies, and governments make decisions and how those decisions shape the world. Core coursework includes micro and macro theory, statistics, econometrics, and a wide range of electives—labor economics, development, behavioral economics, environmental economics, public finance.

Math expectations vary: some programs are very mathematical, others more conceptual. Many students do undergraduate research or write a senior thesis using real data.

What you'll do after college

Economics is one of the most flexible majors. Grads go into consulting, finance, tech, government (think Federal Reserve, Treasury, Congressional Budget Office), nonprofits, journalism, and law school. Many pursue master's or PhD programs in economics, public policy, or business.

The major is valued because it teaches a way of thinking about incentives, trade-offs, and data that applies almost anywhere. Pay is solid and rises significantly with graduate degrees.

Famous graduates

  • Milton Friedman — Nobel laureate and influential economist; B.A. in Economics and Mathematics from Rutgers University
  • Ben Bernanke — Former Fed chair; B.A. in Economics from Harvard University
  • Janet Yellen — U.S. Treasury Secretary and former Fed chair; B.A. in Economics from Brown University
  • Sheryl Sandberg - Former COO of Meta, B.A. in Economics from Harvard University
  • Steve Ballmer — Former CEO of Microsoft; B.A. in Applied Mathematics and Economics from Harvard University
  • Susan Athey — Prominent tech economist; B.A. in Economics, Computer Science, and Mathematics from Duke University
  • Brian Armstrong - CEO of Coinbase, B.A. in Economics and Computer Science from Rice University

Selectivity vs. earnings

By acceptance rate

$72,120
1,422
100–78%
$75,181
2,986
78–66%
$77,700
4,003
66–52%
$83,361
5,830
52–35%
$87,598
5,709
35–17%
$107,546
4,012
17–9%
$120,745
3,111
9–5%
$133,745
1,408
5–0%
Acceptance rate · bar = degree-weighted adjusted 5-year earnings

By SAT median

$70,614
1,124
400–1145
$72,696
2,215
1150–1235
$80,560
3,367
1235–1305
$86,480
4,454
1305–1395
$94,774
4,636
1395–1460
$103,783
3,249
1460–1515
$132,612
2,073
1515–1545
$145,896
1,218
1545–1600
Median SAT · bar = degree-weighted adjusted 5-year earnings

Majors in this category

Major Colleges Degrees Male/Female Intl 5yr Earn
Economics 757 33,348 66% / 33% 17% $84,559
Economics 643 26,125 67% / 32% 17% $83,006
Quantitative Economics 55 1,516 68% / 32% 25% $89,961
Managerial Economics 68 1,415 62% / 38% 12% $88,624
Business Economics 75 1,071 72% / 28% 11% $80,461
Economics & Business Economics 1 738 55% / 45% 18% $89,189
International Economics 22 353 42% / 58% 20% $79,046
Mathematical Economics 11 278 61% / 39% 29% $155,343
Mathematical Methods in the Social Sciences 1 238 61% / 39% 16% $126,908
Applied Economics 21 214 64% / 36% 6% $83,624
Family and Consumer Economics and Related Services 3 201 22% / 78% 1% $52,848
Philosophy, Politics, and Economics 13 145 52% / 48% 3%
Quantitative Business Economics 1 135 64% / 36% 40% $88,353
Political Economy 13 132 54% / 46% 3% $75,122
Economics (Quantitative) 1 128 72% / 28% 22% $73,893
Real Estate and Urban Land Economics 1 105 68% / 32% 0% $157,406
Business Management Economics 1 103 70% / 30% 19% $77,768
Econometrics and Quantitative Economics 1 66 68% / 32% 42% $92,112
Economics and Mathematical Sciences 1 46 57% / 43% 28% $135,109
Economics and Business 1 43 100% / 0% 0% $84,767
Consumer Economics 1 41 54% / 46% 5% $71,030
Law, Economics, and Public Policy 1 41 51% / 49% 10% $62,481
Computer Science and Economics 1 39 74% / 26% 28%
Economics and Strategy 1 27 70% / 30% 0%
Politics, Philosophy, and Economics 1 27 37% / 63% 0% $67,957
Economics and Computer Science 5 25 64% / 36% 16%
Mathematical Economic Analysis 1 24 67% / 33% 38% $108,070
Development Economics and International Development 7 17 59% / 41% 18% $105,531
Development Economics 2 16 44% / 56% 6% $89,303
Community and International Development 1 13 31% / 69% 0% $61,304
Economics and Mathematics 1 7 57% / 43% 57%
International Studies - Economics 1 6 17% / 83% 0% $67,955
Mathematical Economics (Course 14-2) 1 6 50% / 50% 0%
Applied Economic Analysis 1 5 80% / 20% 0% $85,461
International Economic Relations 1 2 0% / 100% 0% $72,027